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IntroductionAtomic force microscopy (AFM) has emerged as a powerful tool for ...

IntroductionAtomic force microscopy (AFM) has emerged as a powerful tool for studying biological samples at high resolution. This technique allows for the examination of individual molecules and their interactions in a non-destructive manner. In the field of immunology, AFM has been employed to investigate the structure and function of antibodies, including IgE molecules. IgE is a crucial player in immune responses, particularly in allergies and asthma. Understanding the structural changes that occur in IgE molecules under different pH conditions is fundamental to comprehending their role in these diseases.MethodologyAFM experiments were performed using a commercial AFM system. IgE molecules were adsorbed onto a mica surface and imaged in air using tapping mode AFM. The pH of the surrounding solution was controlled and adjusted using hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Data analysis was carried out using appropriate software to obtain the height and width of the IgE molecules.ResultsThe results showed that the height of the IgE molecules decreased with decreasing pH. However, there was no significant change in the width of the molecules with changing pH. The observed changes in height were attributed to conformational changes in the IgE molecules.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that pH can induce conformational changes in IgE molecules. These changes may have implications in the function of IgE in immune responses. Understanding these pH-induced structural changes in IgE may provide insights into the development of new therapeutic strategies for treating IgE-mediated diseases.