动词不定试PPT
不定式的构成动词不定式是由不定式符号(to)+动词原形构成的,如:to run, to eat, to study等。不定式的基本形式是to + 动词原形...
不定式的构成动词不定式是由不定式符号(to)+动词原形构成的,如:to run, to eat, to study等。不定式的基本形式是to + 动词原形,但有时不定式的符号to可以省略,如:to write与write。不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句中可以担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等成分。例如:To finish the work is my goal. (主语)I want to go home. (宾语)She seems to be happy. (表语)I have a lot of homework to do. (定语)To work hard is necessary. (状语)不定式的时态和语态不定式具有时态和语态,包括现在时、过去时、将来时和完成时,以及主动语态和被动语态。现在时态不定式现在时态不定式表示通常性、普遍性和习惯性的行为或动作。例如:to eat, to sleep, to study等。过去时态不定式过去时态不定式表示过去某个时间发生的动作或行为,如:to have eaten, to have finished, to have studied等。将来时态不定式将来时态不定式表示将来的行为或动作,如:to do, to finish, to go等。完成时态不定式完成时态不定式表示已经完成的动作或行为,如:to have finished, to have done, to have gone等。主动语态不定式主动语态不定式表示动作的执行者是主语,例如:to eat (eater), to finish (finisher), to go (goer)等。被动语态不定式被动语态不定式表示动作的承受者是主语,例如:to be eaten (eaten), to be finished (finished), to be gone (gone)等。不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式是在不定式符号to之前加上not,例如:not to go, not to finish, not to eat等。不定式的用法不定式在句中可以担任许多成分,包括主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等。下面是一些不定式的用法示例:主语To finish the work is my goal宾语I want to go home表语She seems to be happy定语I have a lot of homework to do状语To work hard is necessary不定式还可以用作独立成分,表示建议、目的、条件、原因等。例如:To win the game, we need to work harder.(为了赢得比赛,我们需要更加努力。)