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一、动词时态和语态例题1____ in a bookshop, the girl was hurt on the head by a falling bo...

一、动词时态和语态例题1____ in a bookshop, the girl was hurt on the head by a falling book.A. While she was standingB. While standingC. She was standingD. Standing答案：B. While standing解析：while引导时间状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，则从句的主语和be动词可以省略。本题中，从句的主语the girl和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有was standing，因此可以省略while和she was，只保留standing。例题2The building _______ next year is our new library.A. to be builtB. to buildC. being builtD. built答案：A. to be built解析：the building与build之间是动宾关系，即“建筑被建造”，故用过去分词built表示被动，排除B项；根据时间状语next year可知，建筑“将要被建造”，故用不定式的被动式to be built，排除C、D项。二、非谓语动词例题3______ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.A. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing答案：B. Lost解析：the two students与lose之间是动宾关系，即“学生被弄丢”，故用过去分词lost作状语，表示被动和已完成的动作。例题4______ in a white uniform, he looks more spirit.A. DressingB. DressedC. To dressD. Being dressed答案：B. Dressed解析：he与dress之间是动宾关系，即“他被穿着”，故用过去分词dressed作状语，表示被动和已完成的动作。三、定语从句例题5The man _______ saved the girl from the fire is called a hero.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. whose答案：C. that解析：先行词the man在定语从句中作主语，且先行词指人，故用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。由于先行词前面有the man这一限定词，故只能用that。例题6The book, the cover _______ is shiny, belongs to me.A. of whichB. whoseC. of whomD. that答案：B. whose解析：先行词the book与cover之间是所属关系，即“书的封面”，故用关系代词whose引导定语从句，作cover的定语。四、名词性从句例题7_____ is known to all, the moon moves round the earth.A. ThatB. WhatC. AsD. It答案：C. As解析：as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，表示“正如……所知道的”。that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句；it不是连词，不能引导从句。例题8_____ he will come here tomorrow remains a question.A. WhetherB. ThatC. IfD. What答案：A. Whether解析：whether引导主语从句，表示“是否”，作remains的宾语。that在名词性从句中不作成分，无意义；if不能引导主语从句；what在名词性从句中作成分，表示“什么”。五、虚拟语气例题9If I _______ you, I would not have done that.A. amB. wasC. wereD. had been答案：D. had been解析：if引导条件状语从句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用过去完成时had been。例题10_____ for the timely investment from the government, the company would be in a difficult situation now.A. Had it not beenB. It had not beenC. If it had not beenD. If had it not been答案：A. Had it not been解析：if引导条件状语从句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，且if省略，需将had提前构成倒装句。故用had it not been。六、倒装句